摘要:随着土地资源的紧张，高层建筑越来越多，高层建筑给排水设计成为设计师的必备技能，但因其使用人数多，给排水结构复杂等原因而难以让设计者掌握。所以，特选此高层建筑设计作为本人的毕业设计。该设计建筑共有17层，是包含商业层和住宅层的综合楼，几乎涉及了建筑给排水设计的所有内容。
淮安市卫生局综合楼,为一17层综合性民用建筑，包含两层商业用房，若干层住宅。
该建筑西侧及南侧的城市道路旁，有一市政给水干管可做为该建筑物的水源；其管径为DN300，常年资用水头为24米，与楼距离20米，管顶埋深1.5米。城市排水管道在拟建建筑物北侧，其管径为DN400，管顶埋深为2.5米，与楼距离20米。建筑附近有表压为0.20MPa的蒸汽热源。
给水方案使用分区供水，上行下给式，管网水压24m，1-4层直接供水，4层以上使用提升水泵由屋顶水箱供水。从该建筑南侧市政给水管网分别引两条给水管进入建筑，两条给水管分别安装水表，并在合适的地方进行连接。引入的给水管分支连接水池后，进入给水管道井里，连接8根立管，分别供应每层的8户住宅用水。从立管引出支管，在找平层里敷设，进入住户。根据该建筑的建筑格局，贮水池布置在给水管井旁的室外泵房中。水池有效容积39㎥。不锈钢屋顶水箱设于机房层，水箱有效容积1.2㎥。设置生活水IS50-32-250B(H=58.6m,Q=0.58L/s,N=4.33KW)2台，1用1备。排水系统居住区采用生活污水与生活废水分流排放。生活污水和生活废水分别在2层屋顶汇合，从1层排入室外管网，污水通过化粪池。热水由蒸汽热源加热供水，分上下两个区，分区方式与给水方式一样。消防使用不分区给水方式，通过屋顶水箱以及地下室消防水泵同时供水。消防给水系统分为消火栓给水系统和自动喷淋灭火系统。本建筑为一类民用建筑，而其建筑高度≥50m。按《高层民用建筑防火设计规范》规定，室内消火栓用水量和室外消火栓用水量分别取20L/s和15L/s，自动喷淋系统计算用水量为16L/s，自动喷淋系统在屋顶设增压设备。给水系统采用PP-R给水管材；消火栓给水系统和自动喷淋灭火系统采用无缝镀锌钢管；排水系统立管采用PPI螺旋排水管；各层排水支管采用普通的UPVC排水管。设计内容包括：建筑内部给水、排水、热水、消防的方案选择，设计计算，设备选型，图纸绘制。通过毕业设计，使学生能够巩固所学理论知识，熟练掌握高层建筑给排水工程的设计要点、方法和步骤，学会使用有关标准图集和设汁规范。提高运算和制图能力，培养解决实际问题的能力。
关键词 建筑；给水；消防；喷淋；排水；热水
Abstract:With the development of land resources, more and more high-rise buildings, high-rise building water supply and drainage design as an essential skill for designers, but because of the number of users, to complex drainage structure reasons to let designers. So, choose the design of high-rise building as my graduation design. The design of the building consists of 17 layers, is a comprehensive building includes commercial and residential floors, covering almost all the content of the design to the drainage construction.
The comprehensive building of Huaian Municipal Health Bureau, a 17 layer of civil construction, consists of two layers of commercial housing, some residential.
City Road West and south side of the building, there is a municipal water supply pipe can be used as the building water; its diameter is DN300, all the year round the head of 24 meters, and the building of a distance of 20 meters, the top of the pipe buried depth is 1.5 meters. City drainage pipe in the building on the north side, the diameter is DN400, the top of the pipe depth is 2.5 meters, and the building of a distance of 20 meters. Building near the gauge pressure of steam heat source 0.20MPa.
Water supply scheme using the district water supply, upstream to type, pipe network pressure 24m, 1-4 layer directly supply, more than 4 layers using the lifting water from the roof tank water supply. From the building on the south side of the municipal water supply network are respectively led two pipes into the building, two water supply pipes are respectively installed water meters, and connected in the right place. The water supply branch connection pool, into the water supply pipeline is connected well, 8 vertical pipes, respectively supply each layer 8 residential water. From the vertical pipe branch pipe, laying in the leveling layer, into the household. According to the architectural structure of the building, storage tank arranged outdoors in water wells near the pump house. The effective volume of tank 39. Stainless steel roof water tank is arranged in the room, the effective volume of tank 1.2. Set the life water IS50-32-250B (H=58.6m, Q=0.58L/s, N=4.33KW) 2, 1 with 1 preparation. The drainage system in residential area with sewage and wastewater discharge. Sewage and wastewater respectively in the 2 layer of roof convergence, from 1 layers into the outdoor pipe network, sewage by septic tank. Hot water by steam heating water supply, is divided into two zones, zone as water supply mode. The fire is not the water way, through the roof water tank and the basement fire pumps and water supply. Fire water supply system is divided into fire hydrant system and automatic sprinkler system. This building is a kind of civil building, and the building height greater than 50m. According to the "Regulations" code for design of fire system of high rise civil buildings, indoor and outdoor fire hydrant, fire hydrant water consumption were 20L/s and 15L/s, calculation of water for 16L/s automatic sprinkler system, automatic sprinkler system with pressurized equipment on the roof. Water supply system adopts PP-R water supply pipe; fire hydrant system and automatic sprinkler system adopts the seamless galvanized steel pipe; drainage riser with PPI spiral drain pipe; the drain pipes using ordinary UPVC drainage pipe. The design content includes: inside the building water supply, drainage, water, fire, scheme selection, design calculation, equipment selection, drawing. Through the graduation design, to enable students to consolidate the theoretical knowledge, master the high-rise buildings to the drainage engineering design points, methods and steps, learn to use the standard atlas and design specification. Improve the operation and drawing ability, cultivate the ability of solving practical problems.
Keywords Building fire water supply water spray drainage
