摘要:随着科技技术、信息技术和经济的发展,以及产业分工的不断深化,越来越多的大型跨国企业更倾向于将非核心业务外包出去,留有足够的人力、物力专门研究、开发和创新,提高企业本身素质,加强企业国际竞争力。
然而,2008年一场由美国次贷危机引发的全球性金融危机,造成了美欧日三大巨头发包国经济衰退,直接导致全球服务外包业务大幅度缩水,特别是大型外包合同交易额显著下降。
幸运的是,经过5年时间的休养生息,全球经济逐渐回暖,全球服务外包再现抬头之势,且势头之猛,毫不逊于全球金融危机发生之前。
文章通过分析近两年服务外包的走向和最新的发展变化,探讨国际服务外包的发展趋势,展望未来美好的前景和蓝图。另外,以此为基础,从理论上提出个人对发展中国家的建议,期望发展中国家能在后危机时期抓住发展机遇,加快国际服务外包产业的发展,促进经济全球化进程。
关键字 : 国际服务外包 发展趋势 经济全球化
ABSTRACT:With the development of science technology , information technology , industrial division and economic , more and more multinationals prefer to routinely outsource a number of their non-core services activities . In order to improve corporate quality , enhance corporate international competencies , they will be allowed to have the opportunity to specialize in areas of their core competencies , including research , R&D activities and creation , which take advantage of enough labors and material resource .
However , the global financial crisis , which was caused by the sub-prime crisis of USA in 2008 , brought a economic recession to the Big Three Outsourcer , USA , Europe and Japan . Under the influence of it , global outsourcing of service had a significant reduction , especially huge contract transactions .
Fortunately , after 5 years rehabilitation , the global economic turn warming gradually . Global outsourcing service would growing again , even with higher speed than before .
According to analyzing the direction of service outsourcing nearly two years and the newest changing . This article discuss the developing trend of service outsourcing , and look forward to the beautiful future and Blue picture .
In addition , on the base of theories , it give the personal advice to developing countries , and wish they will grasp the opportunities of development in the post crisis era , promoting the development of international service industry .
Key words : International outsourcing of service ; Trend of development ; Economic globalization
服务外包行业正走在产业发展的上升期,离顶点很远,却又离出发点不近。但当时间慢慢流逝,由于种种原因,比如想要分一杯羹的国家越来越多,纷纷加入外包市场,又比如发包国家政治或者经济因素,所以是肯定不可能一直保持这种迅猛发展的势头,发展速度将会慢慢降低,各国收益和投资比率过低,甚至会成反比,又会有一部分国家退出市场,再次出现迅速发展的情形。这样的状况可以用在生物学上一个很专业的曲线来解释——S曲线,即在大自然中,由于种群数量变化,生物生活空间有限等情况的发生,会出现“环境允许种群生存的最大值”,即K值。那在国际服务外包中,这个K值会是多少呢?又要怎样才能确定K值呢?或者在达到K值的最理想状态下,全世界整个服务外包行业又将达到怎样的高峰收益?这些,都是值得探讨和研究的问题。但是由于个人学识和能力有限,在这篇论文里,只会从理论上分析国际服务外包现状,通过现实看未来,分析全球服务外包可能的发展趋势,并力所能及地对发展中国家提出建议,希望他们能抓住后危机时代的大好机遇,致力发展服务外包,推动国家经济甚至是世界经济的发展。