摘要:儿童的偏差行为不仅是行为问题,还影响着儿童品德、人格的健康发展,而儿童期社会化进程正常与否对个人一生的发展有至关重要的影响,所以帮助儿童及时纠正偏差行为是非常有必要的。笔者尝试运用小组工作对儿童偏差行为进行介入,努力体现社会工作真诚、尊重、包容、接纳、个别化的专业伦理和价值观,并运用优势视角理论、小组动力理论和班杜拉学习理论,以期帮助组员促进改变不良行为,正确认识自我,形成良好的行为习惯,帮助组员树立团结互助与分享意识,形成积极的人格基出。
关键词: 儿童; 偏差行为; 小组工作
Abstract: Children of deviant behavior is not only the behavior problem,but also affect the healthy development of children's character and personality.However, wheather the children of the socialization process is normal or not, have a critical influence on the development of personal life,so to help children to correct deviant behavior is very necessary.The author tried to use the group work involved in children deviant behavior ,strive to express sincere respect, social work, tolerance, acceptance, individual and professional ethics and values, and use the strengths perspective theory, group dynamic theory and Bandura learning theory , in order to help team members to change bad behavior, have a correct understanding of self, form good behavior habits, establish cooperation and share consciousness,and form the positive personality basis.
Key words:Children; Deviant behavior; Group work
通过笔者运用小组工作方法的介入,通过评估、个案访谈和观察法,“一米阳光”小组90%的成员发生了变化,行为习惯都有了很好地改善,分享互助和团结意识有所提高,学习兴趣提升,自信心也有所增强。但与此同时,在小组工作运用的过程中,还是存在着问题需要思考。首先,作为领导自身的问题,缺乏实际动手操作能力,专业性不够强,如领导者的自身价值观、工作方法、技巧等,在这个活动的过程中,没有表现专业的价值观。其次,儿童正处于学习与发展的阶段,特别追求得到大家的认可与赞扬,他们非常注重结果,如果能得到大家的好评,则会很高兴,表现会更积极;如果被冷落或者没有得到大家的认可,则会表现出不高兴。在小组的过程中,不能很好地控制组员的注意力。因此,需要小组领导者要考虑到每一位组员的感受,尊重、真诚、接纳他们,引导组员享受小组过程的收获与成长。