内容摘要：犯罪嫌疑人的沉默权是指犯罪嫌疑人在刑事诉讼过程中在接受警察讯问时，有保持沉默或拒不回答的权利。沉默权是现代法治国家为犯罪嫌疑人、被告人设立的一项基本权利。沉默权起源于“人无义务控告自己”这句古老的法律语言，在英国首先确立了法律上的沉默权制度。随后，美国等许多西方国家移植了沉默权制度，联合国《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》对此也作出了明确规定。我国是否确立沉默权制度，在理论界和司法界产生了激烈的讨论，笔者认为我国应该设立沉默权制度，因为沉默权制度是对人的高度尊重，也是维护司法公正的有力屏障。
关键词：沉默权 无罪推定 司法公正 人权保障
Abstract: The right to silence is that a criminal suspect, a defendant has the right of hushing or refusing to answer when he has been interrogation or trial. The right of silence is a fundamental right that modern law-ruled countries setting up for criminal suspects and defendants. The right of silence is the important sign of procedure justice and civilized judiciary. The right of silence has come from the ancient legal maxim that no person charged themselves with their obligations. England had firstly established right to silence system which was in legal sense. Subsequently, USA and a lot of Western countries had transplanted right of silence system. United Nations” International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights” had also made clear stipulation to this. Whether our country sould established the right of silence ， theoretical circles and judicial circles have produced fierce argument. The author thinks that our country ought to establish the right of silent system because the right to silent system is highly respected for the people，and it is a strong barrier for safeguard judicial.
Key words: the right to silence presumption of innocence procedural justice protection of human rights
