内容摘要：商标权客体的二因素——商标使用与商誉，两者间存在着密切的联系：商标只有经过使用才享有商誉，商誉只有在商标使用过程中不断积累。从这两个因素出发，就未注册商标的保护应强调在先使用；商标侵权认定的标准从混淆可能性出发，强调商标载有的商誉，从而更好地完善商标保护制度；对于商标申请制度，则应强调对注册商标的使用意思而不是利用已注册未使用的商标谋利才能体现公平正义。
关键词：商标使用 商誉 未注册商标 商标侵权 商标申请制度
Abstract: The two factors of trademarks are trademark use and goodwill, between which have close links: Only through the use of trademark that goodwill can exist, Only through the process of trademark use that goodwill can continue to accumulate. From these two factors, the protection of unregistered trademarks should be emphasized that prior to use; the recognized standard of trademark infringement shoud start from likelihood of confusion, the emphasis of goodwill in order to better improve trademark protection system; when trademark application system, the emphasis on the use of registered trademark with the good meaning rather than the use of registered trademarks to make profit that can reflect fair and justice.
Key words: Trademark use, Good Will, Unregistered Trademark, Infringement of Trademark, System of Trademark Application
商标权客体作为商标法的基础，不仅是法律实践中商标当事人取得和运用商标权的着眼点，而且也是企业和其他有关各方的关注和参与的焦点。然而，商标权的客体是什么？其对未注册商标保护制度有什么影响？对商标侵权的认定又什么作用？事实上，这些问题学界和立法上都还没有定论或者有不足之处，所以值得探讨，本文也将紧紧围绕客体对这些问题进行探讨。
