内容摘要：2008年12月11日联合国大会通过的《联合国全部或部分海上国际货物运输合同公约》生效实施后，必将对国际贸易实务和惯例、国际航运及其立法等产生重大影响。作为国际海上货物运输法领域新的里程碑，她引起了国内外学者和各国海上货物运输相关部门的高度重视。本文以《鹿特丹规则》为背景，从托运人义务角度进行研究，一是鉴于《鹿特丹规则》规定了很多创新性的制度，对海上货物运输贸易具有重要意义；二是基于学界向来以承运人角度进行研究的居多，从托运人角度进行研究的相对较少，而在今天的海上货物运输贸易中，托运人的地位越来越大，对其研究是海上货物运输贸易的形势的要求。本文介绍了托运人的概念以及海上货物运输合同中托运人的义务，对比以往的海上国际公约，分析了《鹿特丹规则》强化托运人义务的立法动因和表现，并结合我国海上货物运输现状，提出了完善《中华人民共和国海商法》有关托运人规定的几点建议。
关键词： 《鹿特丹规则》 托运人义务 完善
Abstract： The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea, which is admitted by the United Nations conference on December eleventh, 2008, will have great influence on the practice of international trade, transportation, legislation etc, after it takes effect. As a new milestone in the field of international law of carriage of goods by see, it has been paid highly attention by scholars from home and abroad and relative departments of many countries.This article which bases on the Rotterdam Rules has done some researches from the views of the shippers. For one thing is because of many innovative practices of the Rotterdam Rules; the other thing is that people in this field have done more researches in the view of carrier than the shipper. However, in nowadays` international ship trade the shipper is playing a more and more important role and calling us to explore.This article not only give the concept of the shipper, but also its obligations according to the contract of law of carriage of goods by see and comparisons to the past laws. It analyzed the legislation purpose and performance of the shipper’s obligations which the Rotterdam Rules stresses on. Moreover, it makes some suggestions to improve the shipper parts of the Chinese Maritime Code after doing some researches about the existing situation of sea trade of our country.
Key words： The Rotterdam Rules the shipper’s duties perfection
