摘要:作为机电能量变换的电气传动装置在国民经济各部门中起着重要作用,能够实现多种控制。近30年,可控电气传动领域的飞速发展,特别是利用单片机控制电气传动技术已成为今后的总趋势。本设计是利用单片机进行控制的调速设备,它从原理到结构都吸收了多种新技术,如:采用单片微型机代替模拟分立器件控制方式;采用数字锁相技术,利用单片机的软件功能,使整个系统具有更好的抗干扰性,工作更可靠,控制精度更高,调速运行平稳,范围宽等优点。因此是一种比较理想的传动装置。
关键词:可控硅调速; 单片机控制; 锁相技术
[Abstract]Being an electrical energy transform electric drive device in the sectors of the national economy plays a very important role, will be able to realize the multiple control. Almost 30 years, controllable electric transmission fields, especially the rapid development of using microcomputer control electric transmission technology has become the general trend in the future. This design is controlled by using a single piece of single-chip from dc speed control equipment, it absorbed all the principle, the structure of the new technologies, such as: the single-chip single-chip instead of simulation division device control mode; Adopting digital phase-locked technology, using single chip computer software function, make the whole system has better anti-interference, work reliably, higher control precision, wide range of speed regulation smooth operation, etc. So it is an ideal transmission device.
[Keywords] SCR speed; SCM; Phase-locked technology
本设计是通过单片机控制触发脉冲的产生与移动,从而使可控硅具有不同的导通角,使输出不同的电压。这就关键在如何保持同频与同相的问题。只有解决了这两个技术问题才能使可控硅触发角恒定,触发脉冲精度提高,使输出电压线性度好等一系列问题。
在这些要求下,我们设计时采取了以下措施:
1、采用单片机取代模拟分立元件控制;
2、采用数字锁相技术,取代复杂的模拟电路获取同步信号的方法,数字锁相能在系统电压波形畸变率20%的恶劣情况下,保证不失锁,同步电路仍可以正常工作;
3、用180°宽脉冲叠加高频脉冲的触发方式提高了触发可靠性;
4、利用单片机软件功能,减小了硬件电路,提高了抗干扰能力。