摘 要:引力时间延迟效应是爱因斯坦广义相对论的一个重要理论预言，1964年夏皮罗提出了一个用雷达回波信号来验证引力时间延迟效应的实验方案，该方案也成为了验证广义相对论的第四个重要的实验。本文首先介绍了引力时间延迟效应的基本理论，并介绍了验证引力时间延迟效应的理论和实验方法。其次，以水星、金星为例，分别计算了水星、金星处于上合时雷达回波信号的引力时间延迟，并对计算得到的理论计算值与实验测量值进行了分析讨论。最后，对影响雷达回波延迟实验结果的因素进行了探讨和分析。
关键词：引力时间延迟；广义相对论；引力场；雷达波
ABSTRACT:Gravity time delay effect is one important theory predicted of the general relativity by Einstein, 1964, Shapiro suggested a experiment plan of using radar signals to verify gravity the effect of time delay which also became the fourth important experiment to verify general relativity first. This text firstly introduces the basic effect of gravity time delay, and introduces the theory and experimental method about verifying gravity time delay effect .Secondly, This article takes two physical models as example，Venus and Mercurya， and calculates gravitational time delay of radar spreading to surface of Venus and Mercurya and return in the locations of “close above”， and to compare and discuss the calculated results and the theory of time delay. Finally, the experimental results of the impact of the radar echo of delay factors are discussed and analyzed.
Key words: Gravity time delay; General relativity; The gravitational field;Radar wave
