摘要:苏东坡与常州渊源颇深,曾十一次到常州,终老于藤花旧馆。在常州地区留下了许多民间传说,至今传为佳话。流传在古常州地区有关苏东坡的传说内容丰富、类型多样、数量巨大、讲述者众多,其内容涉及多个方面,蕴藏着浓厚的文化意蕴。常州苏东坡传说根据内容分为人物传说、地方传说、物产传说和其他传说这四大类,在主旨立意上扬君子之风、望后人效法,并蕴含着丰富深刻的人生哲理,成功地塑造了一个才气出众、关心黎民、旷达淡泊的苏东坡形象,与历史上的苏轼本人既有相似之处又有不同之处,在常州百姓的心目中留下了一个亲民的形象。这些传说大多通过典型独特的人物形象和妙趣横生的故事情节,表达了苏东坡乐观豁达的生活态度和涉猎广泛的兴趣爱好。目前常州苏东坡传说面临失传的现状,亟待保护与弘扬。
关键词 苏东坡;常州;传说;情结
Abstract:Su dongpo and changzhou have a long histroy. He had 11 times to changzhou and died on the vine flower old pavilion. In changzhou area there left many folklore so far as. Circulating in the changzhou region about the legend of su dongpo is rich in content, diverse types and large Numbers, the narrator is numerous, its content involves many aspects, there is a strong cultural implication. The legend of su dongpo in Changzhou by characters as the content according to the legend, local legend, legend and other legend the four categories of products, performance ideas on its conduct of upright character, rich and contains the profound life philosophy, succeeded in shaping a brilliant shine, indifferent about oh, broad-minded, su dongpo, su shi in history and himself there are both similarities and differences, in the minds of changzhou people left a populist image. Most of these legends through typical unique and interesting storyline, characters expressed su dongpo optimistic open-minded attitude towards life and wide range of interests and hobbies. The current situation of the legend of su dongpo in Changzhou face lost, to the protection.
Keywords Su dongpo Changzhou Legends complex
民间文学是一种最贴近老百姓生活和思想的文化,它记载了许多历史名人故事和重大事件,但随着现代化进程的加快,很多民间文学,特别是通过口头讲述的民间故事传说,因为无法适应新的时代进程而随着时间的推移逐渐消失。一部分具有深远影响的民间传说在流变与传播过程中通过艺术锤炼和加工,通常与当地的生活环境、风土人情,名胜古迹相吻合,苏东坡在常州的传说就属于这种典型的产物。苏东坡常州传说的题材丰富,内容丰富,数量可观,但也有一部分随着时间的推移已失传。该研究采用文献学和走访调查的方法,搜集整理苏东坡常州传说的两本资料(《苏东坡常州传说故事》[1]和《东坡常州奇缘》[2]),大量与苏东坡常州传说研究有关的文献以及实际调查的苏东坡常州传说。在认真阅读过文献资料之后,对苏东坡常州传说的内容对其进行整理,并分类,并从多角度深入探讨苏东坡常州传说中对苏东坡形象的塑造,丰富了苏东坡常州传说的研究内容。同时,通过查阅资料,分析苏东坡常州传说中苏东坡的形象和苏东坡常州传说特点,指出民间故事传说传承的问题及其保护的措施,这些有助于我们增强民间文学的保护意识,不断深入对常州民间故事传说的调查研究,有利于常州地区对本地区非物质文化遗产的保护,让民族的这块瑰宝得以永久保留。