[摘要] 朱淑真是我国古代文学史上著名的女诗词作家,与李清照并称为“词坛双壁”。她的诗歌具有鲜明的女性文学的特征,她流传下来的三百三十七首诗歌,大部分都在叙写她自己的思绪情怀,抒发自己内心的爱恨情仇,爱情可以说是其诗歌的主旋律:有对美好爱情的憧憬,有与恋人卿卿我我的甜蜜,有不能和恋人相知相守的哀怨,也有指责命运不公的愤慨……其中有七十一首描写爱情理想、闺怨和相思的诗歌,统称为“闺情诗”,其不仅表达了诗人向往爱情的美好愿望,也表现出她不顾一切争取爱情自由的坚定精神,而且向世人展现了一段令她愁苦、倍受煎熬的封建婚姻。本文意从闺情诗的角度来解读她的诗歌内容。
[关键词] 朱淑真; 闺情诗;诗歌内容; 艺术特色
[Abstract]Shuzhen Zhu is a Female poetry writer in the history of Chinese literature, and she is known as well as Qingzhao Li. Her poetry has the bright feminine literature characteristic. She has 337 poetries spread down. Most of them describe her own feeling and express her hate and love. It can be said that love is the main melody of her poetries. In her poems, some have a better vision of love, some express her happiness with her lover, some have the plaintive mood which is that she can not be with her lover forever, and some accuse the fate’s unfair…There are 71 poems expressing Shuzhen’s love dream, boudoir lament and lovesickness. We called this “boudoir love poem”. These poems not only express the poet’s good love wishes but also Show her desperate love for the strong spirit of freedom. And these poems also show the world that left her sorrow and languishing feudal marriage. This article will explain the poetry content from the boudoir love poem angle.
[Key words] Shuzhen Zhu ; Maiden poem ; Poetry content ; Artistic features
朱淑真生活在一个典型的封建男权社会,女性没有走向仕途,展示才华的机会。女子们的生活圈始终离不开闺阁和家庭,爱情和婚姻往往成为她们一生中最重要的理想与生活归属,而才华出众的佳人们,只有通过各色各样的文艺形式将她们内心的情感和对国家、对社会、对生活的感触细腻而深刻地展现出来。
朱淑真流传下来的337首诗歌,大部分都在叙写她自己的思绪情怀,抒发自己内心的爱恨情仇,爱情可以说是其诗歌的主旋律:有对美好爱情的憧憬,有与恋人卿卿我我的甜蜜,有不能和恋人相知相守的哀怨,也有指责命运不公的愤慨……其中71首描写爱情理想、闺怨和相思的诗歌,统称为闺情诗,其不仅表达了诗人向往爱情的美好愿望,也表现出她不顾一切争取爱情自由的坚定精神,而且向世人展现了一段令她愁苦、倍受煎熬的封建婚姻。她的闺情诗并不仅是刻板的描绘她的某种情感,而且生动形象塑造出了一个独具特色的闺阁女子形象,从而使自己的诗词风格独树一帜。
从朱淑真的闺情诗中可以推断她经历了两个情爱阶段:首先是天真烂漫的少女时期,这个时期的诗歌主要描写的是少女时期的理想爱情,直率的表达了她对爱情的向往以及对恋人的倾慕之情。第二个时期则是婚后充满哀怨的少妇时期,这个时期的诗歌主要描写的是婚后少妇的闺怨,表现出她对婚后生活的不满,抒发内心的抑郁和幽怨。同时也夹杂着思念情人的相思愁苦,处处散发着对恋人的相思之情。本文则从这两个时期来解读其诗歌内容。