ABSTRACT： English news headline, the "eye" or the "heart" of English news, highly summarize the content of the news, from which the readers can acquire the most information in the least time. The news headline is usually designed to precisely convey the essence of a complicated fact. It intends to catch the readers on the wing with its unique characteristics and stability on grammar and lexicon. The thesis, taking English disaster news headlines as the subject, makes an effort to find out the features such kind of news headline has. It will study the features of English disaster news headline from two aspects: grammar and vocabulary. The purpose of this research is expected to help readers know more about the features of English disaster news headlines and then understand the news more clearly.
According to the research, the verb tenses and omission are the main grammatical features of English disaster news headlines. The statistical data shows that English disaster news headlines often use four kinds of verb tenses: the present indefinite, the past indefinite, the future indefinite, the present continuous, among which the present indefinite and the past indefinite are most frequently used. Meanwhile, in order to save the newspaper layout, these headlines have the feature of omission that in English disaster news headlines, articles, conjunctions, pronouns, link- verbs, auxiliary verbs, nouns and guide words are usually omitted.
The lexical characteristics of English disaster news headlines are represented in using short words, conversion of the part of speech and abbreviations and acronyms to make these headlines beautiful and brief.
Keywords: English disaster news headline; grammatical features; lexical features
中文摘要：新闻标题是新闻的"眼睛"及"灵魂"，高度的概括了新闻的内容，使读者在最短的时间里快速的获取最多的信息。新闻标题通常是为了准确地传达一个复杂事实的本质，以其独特的语法和词汇特点来吸引读者的眼球。这篇论文以英语灾难新闻标题为研究对象，从语法和词汇两方面来分析其特征。研究的目的在于使读者了解更多的英语灾难新闻标题的特点，从而更好的了解新闻。
本研究发现，英语灾难新闻标题的语法特征主要表现在动词时态和省略的使用两个方面。从统计数据可知，这类新闻标题常使用一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和将来进行时四种时态，其中最常使用的是一般现在时和一般过去时态。同时为了节约报刊版面，这类新闻标题具有使用省略这一修辞手法的特征。在英语灾难新闻标题中，经常被省略的词有冠词、连词、代词、联系动词、助动词、名词、引导词。
英语灾难新闻标题的词汇特征则体现在短小词的使用，词类的转换以及缩写词和减缩词的使用来实现标题的美观和简洁。
关键词：英语灾难新闻标题；语法特征；词汇特征
