摘要:出国留学生在国外学习的过程中会面临许多问题，包括因文化上的不适应和学习上的挑战所产生的焦虑和抑郁问题。本研究以南京地区为例，考察在国外学习的大学生与在南京学习的大学生之间在焦虑和抑郁两个水平上的差异。研究结果表明，出国留学生的焦虑水平显著高于国内大学生的焦虑水平。出国留学生的抑郁水平高于国内大学生的抑郁水平，但差异不显著。在国内和国外地区，不同性别的大学生的焦虑、抑郁水平没有显著差异，但是不同专业的大学生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差别较大。国内大学生的心理健康情况总体好于国外留学生的心理健康情况。地区差异、学习进度、思乡情绪、文化差异、语言理解、社会支持和人际交往等因素是出国留学生焦虑和抑郁水平高于国内大学生的主要原因。
关键词： 留学生 焦虑 抑郁 心理健康
Abstract:International students face many unique issues when they study abroad, including anxiety and depression while adjusting to cultural unfamiliar and academic challenges. This research study took Nanjing as a good example, examined anxiety and depression levels as international students living abroad and college students living in Nanjing. The result showed that there were significant differences in scores of anxiety between international students and domestic college students, and the average score of international students was much higher than that of domestic students. The depression level of international students was also higher than that of domestic college students, but the difference is not significant. In domestic and foreign areas, anxiety and depression levels among college students of different gender were not significantly different, but there was a large difference between anxiety and depression levels among college students in different majors. The mental health conditions of domestic students were better than those of international students on the whole. The study indicated that regional difference, academic progress, homesickness sentiment, language comprehension, social support and interpersonal relationships were reasons that the anxiety and depression levels of international students were higher than those of domestic college students.
Key words：international students, anxiety, depression, mental health
出国留学生的焦虑水平显著高于国内大学生的焦虑水平。出国留学生的抑郁水平高于国内大学生的抑郁水平，但差异不显著。在国内和国外地区，不同性别的大学生的焦虑、抑郁水平没有显著差异，但是不同专业的大学生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差别较大。总的来说，国内大学生的心理健康情况总体好于国外留学生的心理健康情况。地区差异、学习进度、思乡情绪、文化差异、语言理解、社会支持和人际交往等因素是出国留学生焦虑和抑郁水平高于国内大学生的主要原因。
