摘要:计量工作贯穿于油田勘探开发、油气储运、加工销售及生产建设的全过程，是油田生产工艺控制、贸易与关联交易、技术进步和“数字化”建设和发展的基础，在油田的发展进程中发挥着重要的技术保障作用。
本文介绍了原油计量系统的设计过程，阐述了原油计量系统的硬件设计、软件设计的原理和方法，并给出了具体的设计方案。
原油计量系统包括下位机系统和上位机系统。下位机以STC12C5A16AD单片机为主控芯片，通过超声波传感器检测储油罐内液位高度，将所测数据显示和数据上传；了解超声波发射电路和接收电路设计。本设计主要任务是将液位计测量到的储油罐内液位高度信号经安全隔离、采样、量化编码后送至单片机，单片机依据储油罐体积数据模型公式，计算出原油的体积、重量，然后存储、显示和上传；而上位机将下位机上传的产量数据存入数据库，以便查询历史的储油量信息，人机界面通过LABVIEW实现。
关键词：原油计量 单片机 超声波传感器 上位机 LABVIEW
ABSTRACT:Metrological work throughout the oil exploration and development, oil and gas storage and transportation, processing, sale and production of the entire process, is based in the oil production process control, trade and related party transactions, technological progress and the "digital" construction and development ,and development process technology plays an important role in safeguarding in oil field.
This article describes the design process of crude oil metering system, elaborated crude oil metering system hardware design, software design principles and methods, and gives the specific design.
Crude oil metering system includes lower computer systems and PC systems. lower computer is based on microcontroller of STC12C5A16AD, through ultrasonic sensors detect liquid level within the tank, the measured data display and data upload; understand the ultrasonic transmitter circuit and receiver circuit design. The design of the main task is to gauge measuring liquid level within the tank to signal through security isolation, sampling, quantization and coding sent to the microcontroller, the microcontroller tank volume data model based on the formula to calculate the volume of crude oil, the weight and storage, display and upload; while the PC will lower machine production data uploaded into the database so that the query history information storage capacity, human-machine interface via LABVIEW implementation.
Keywords：Crude oil; SCM; Ultrasonic sensors; PC; LABVIEW
