摘要:在中国现代作家中，郁达夫可谓是最频繁触及疾病书写的一位作家。从早期的《沉沦》，到后来的《空虚》、《茫茫夜》、《南迁》……疾病书写始终贯穿于其中，小说中的主人公大多身体柔弱，经常患上一种乃至多种疾病，并因此造成心理上的苦闷。然而，郁达夫对于疾病的书写，并非只是简单的停留在生理层面，疾病在他的小说中，有着更深层次的意蕴：它是郁达夫对死亡思考的结果，是对性的自由追求的反映，同是也是对个人主体意识觉醒的隐喻。本文结合郁达夫自身的经历，来分析其小说中疾病书写所蕴含的深刻意蕴，并探讨郁达夫在小说中偏爱疾病书写的原因。
关键词：郁达夫小说；疾病；性；死亡；自我意识；国家民族
ABSTRACT: In the modern writers of China, Yu Dafu is the writer who most frequent mention diseases in his writing. From the early Sink into Depravity to the later Emptiness, Vast Night, Immigration to South ...... the writing of diseases always appear in his works, the heroes of his novel are mostly physically weak, and always suffer from one kind or more diseases, thus diseases cause them with a psychological anguish. However, Yu Dafu’s writing of the disease is not simply stay in the physiological level, in his novel, the disease has a more deeper meaning: it is the result of Yu Dafu’s thinking about death,it is the reflex of sexual freedom, and it is the metaphor of Subject consciousness wake up. In this paper, combine Yu Dafu own experience, to analyze the Profound meaning of disease in his novel ,and inquire into the reason that why does he have a preference for the writing of disease.
Keywords:Yu Dafu’s novel；disease;sex；death；self-consciousness；nation-state
郁达夫对于疾病的偏爱，与其自身经历和时代环境有着密切的联系。在他的小说中，他将自身对于疾病的真切体验融入到了主人公身上，并赋予了疾病众多的内涵和意蕴。疾病既凸显了生命意识，又隐喻了自我的觉醒，同时还昭示着现代知识分子民族国家意识的生成，具有十分积极的意义。小说主人公在病态心境中的煎熬，在性追求上的挣扎，正是其作品的力量之所在。作为在五四精神感召下首先觉醒的现代知识分子，郁达夫小说中大量的疾病书写是值得肯定的，他为后人提供了一个了解五四时代社会环境的特殊角度，同时也表现出了作者对人性的追求和对国家命运的关怀。
