[摘要]本文采用了质的研究方法,并辅以相关数据的呈现和说明。研究对象某幼儿园大班幼儿及两位带班教师。研究主要遵循通过量化分析和质性分析幼儿同伴冲突中教师教育行为的观察资料,总结教师的教育行为。同时,在对幼儿同伴冲突中教师教育行为事件进行观察的过程中,也发现了教师一些不合适的教育方式,希望通过此项研究为幼教一线和准幼儿教师们提供一些帮助和启示。
[关键词] 幼儿 ;同伴冲突;教师;教育行为
Abstract:Qualitative method was adopted in this study, supplemented by relevant data. The article researches on children in the top class of kindergarten and two homeroom teachers in a certain kindergarten. It summarizes the educational behaviors of teachers mainly through the observations of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis on educational behaviors of teachers during conflicts in preschoolers. At the same time, improper education mode appeared during the observations on teachers’ educational behaviors on conflicts in preschoolers. This article is supposed to help and inspire practical teachers and prospective teachers in kindergarten.
[Key words] preschooler;peer conflict;kindergarten teachers ;educational behaviors
问题的提出
冲突是幼儿成长阶段中极为常见的现象,合理利用冲突有助于促进儿童的社会化发展。要充分发挥冲突的积极价值,幼儿教师的教育行为是否恰当合理极为关键。幼儿较易以自我中心为主且缺乏语言沟通能力及协调技巧,如果任凭冲突事件的发生而未适当疏导,可能对幼儿的人际交往互动产生负面效应,影响幼儿的发展。因此教师引导和教育幼儿对冲突的认知及教师如何对待幼儿冲突的教育方式颇有探究的必要。面对幼儿冲突,目前许多教师仍以粗暴制止或简单隔离的方式来解决幼儿冲突。那么这种现象是否普遍存在的,教师是如何对待幼儿的冲突,为何要选此种方式进行教育,什么样的教育行为才是对幼儿发展有利的?基于上述问题,本人决定深入到幼儿园的真实场景中,实地观察和记录教师对幼儿冲突的教育行为。