摘要:环境中的酚污染主要指酚类化合物对水体的污染，通常含酚废水中又以苯酚和甲酚的含量最高。石油、化工、煤气、焦化、钢铁及酚类生产厂排放的废水广泛存在苯酚。含酚废水的排放导致水源污染，不但毒死鱼虾,还危害农作物,并且严重威胁人类的健康，已被在我国水污染控制中列为重点解决的有害废水之一。
本实验从徐州工程学院城南校区外的废水中，提取一定量的污泥，筛选到一株高效降解苯酚的菌株，进一步对其进行了菌株的鉴定与生理生化的鉴定研究。
通过对其生理生化性质研究表明该菌株的菌体具有运动性，并且需氧；接触酶实验表明了该菌是革兰氏阳性菌，能够产生过氧化氢酶；甲基红实验表明该菌能够分解葡萄糖产生大量酸性产物，使甲基红指示剂变红，显阳性；Tween80降解实验、0.1%刚果红耐受实验结果也是阳性。
最后对其进行16S rDNA鉴定，最终确定了该菌株为假单胞菌。
关键词：苯酚；筛选；鉴定；生理生化性质；假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)
Abstract:Phenol pollution in the environment mainly referred to phenolic compounded on water pollution, waste water containing phenol was usually turned around the highest levels of phenol and cresol. Phenol was widespread in the petroleum, chemical, gas, coke, steel and phenolic wastewater plant emissions. Phenolic wastewater emissions of water pollution, it not only poisoned fish, but also damaged crops, and a serious threat to human health, water pollution control in China has been a key to solve one of the harmful waste.
In this experiment, wastewater was extracted from Xuzhou Institute of technology south campus of the sludge in the screening of phenol-degrading strains, and made further evaluation on bacterial strain, physiology and biochemistry.
It showed that this bacterial strain had moveability and nead oxygen through its physiological and biochemical research;Catalase test showed that the bacteria was gram-positive bacterium and could produce catalase;Methyl red experiment result showed that the bacteria could decompose glucose and produce large amount of acid products , enable Methyl red indicator turned to red and showed positive; Tween80 degradation experiment and tolerance test of 0.1% Congo red result also presented positive.
At last, the strain was finally identified as Pseudomonas through the 16S rDNA identification.
Keywords: Phenol ; Screening; Identification; Physiological and biochemical properties; Pseudomonas
