[摘要] 本研究通过对502名高中生实施考试焦虑量表(TAS)和田纳西自我概念问卷,系统探讨了高中生考试焦虑与自我概念的关系。结果显示:高中生考试焦虑在性别上存在显著差异,在年级和学校类型上不存在显著差异,年级和学校类型两者存在显著交互作用。高中生自我概念水平在性别和学校类型上存在显著差异,在年级上不存在显著差异。考试焦虑与自我概念存在显著负相关,不同水平自我概念的高中生其考试焦虑存在显著差异,即自我概念水平越高,考试焦虑越低。
[关键字] 考试焦虑;自我概念;高中生
[Abstract] This paper systematically discusses the connection between test anxiety and self-concept, by testing 502 high school students, using the Test Anxiety Scale and the Tennessee Self Concept Questionnaire. The results show that there are significant gender differences in high school students’ test anxiety, and there aren’t any significant differences in level of grades or school types, though the two levels indeed interact with each other. The results also show that there are significant differences in level of gender and school types in self-concept, but the differences don’t exist in the level of grades. Besides, the statistics tell that test anxiety and self-concept are significantly negatively correlated. Also, students with different levels of self-concept differ significantly in test anxiety, that is the higher self-concept a student has, the less anxiety will he have in tests.
[Key words] test anxiety;self-concept;high school students
目前,多数研究者认为,自我概念是个人对自己所有方面的主观知觉,是一个多维度、多层次的有组织的结构,具有评价性且可以与他人分别开来,具有稳定性和可变性。目前为止,有关自我概念理论模型影响层面更加广泛的是Shavelson(1976)提出的多维度层次理论模型。目前的研究主要集中在考试焦虑和自我概念的现状,亦有文献表明考试焦虑和自我概念存在相关关系,但主要是在考试焦虑与学业自我概念的关系,并没有具体探讨考试焦虑与自我概念的其他具体维度(非学业自我概念)有何关系。
本研究旨在全面了解所取样范围内高中生考试焦虑与自我概念的现状,并且深入探讨二者的关系,验证、补充已有研究。本研究希望在调查分析的基础上,提出针对性建议,以期对改善考试焦虑现象有所帮助。