摘要:小学数学教学中创设问题情境是基础教育课程改革的需要。通过创设生动、有趣的问题情境，帮助学生将生活“数学化”，然后将数学知识运用到生活中去。主要采用文献法、课堂观察法、访谈法、案例分析法等方法，从理论和实践两个方面对创设问题情境的策略进行研究。文章首先研究了创设问题情境的理论基础，包括相关概念界定、问题情境的构成以及创设问题情境的原则；其次根据课堂观察和访谈提出了创设问题情境中存在的问题；再次，从实践角度谈创设问题情境的影响因素；最后，在分析存在的问题和案例基础上思考创设问题情境的对策。研究中发现的创设问题情境中存在的问题值得教师和专家的思考，提出的策略为教师们提供了一定的参考价值，希望能够更好地促进小学数学教学活动的有效发展。
关键词 数学教学；问题情境；创设；策略
Abstract:Creating problem situation in elementary school mathematics teaching is needed by the Curriculum Reform of Elementary Education. Creating lively and interesting problem situation could help students to make life " mathematical " and then apply mathematical knowledge in actual life. This paper mainly adopts literature method, classroom observation method, interview method, case analysis method and other methods, and with the two aspects of theory and practice to study the strategy of creating problem situation. Firstly researching the theoretical basis of creating problem situation, including the related concept definition, the structure of the problem situation, and the principle of creating problem situation. Then raising the influence factors of creating problem situation.And then talking about the problems that exist in the creation of problem situations from the perspective of practice. Lastly, based on the analysis of existing problems and cases, thinking of the strategy of creating problem situation. The problems that exist in the creation of problem situations is worth for the teachers and experts to think deeply, and the strategies put forward in this paper provide teachers with some reference value, and will be able to preferably promote the effective development of the elementary school mathematics teaching activities.
Key words mathematics teaching create problem situation strategy
关于小学数学教学中创设问题情境的相关研究很多，笔者在已有研究的基础上，从创设问题情境的理论支撑出发，利用实习的机会，深入小学数学真实的课堂，通过大量的课堂观察，与小学生的课内外交流以及对一线数学教师的访谈，发现和探索了当前小学数学教学中创设问题情境的现状，根据其存在的问题提出创设问题情境的影响因素，并结合具体的教学案例，提出一些相应的对策。
本课题研究主要以网络技术、多媒体技术为基础的信息技术作为研究手段，采用文献法、课堂观察法、案例分析法、访谈法等方法和手段，进行综合分析研究。
1、文献法：在大量阅读关于小学数学教学中创设问题情境的文献基础上，对文献进行分析整理和总结。
2、课堂观察法：在实习工作当中，深入小学数学课堂，通过听课、学生反馈，了解数学教学中创设问题情境的现状。
3、案例分析法：通过听课，精选出有代表性的小学数学案例，从创设问题情境的角度出发，对其进行分析，整理和综合。
4、访谈法：对来自一线的小学数学教师进行访谈。
