摘要:教师职业是一种以教书育人为基本职责的职业，这就要求其必须具有高于他人的心理素质。然而，我国正处于社会转型时期，教师作为社会的特定群体正承受着来自各方面的压力，日益增多的教师心理健康问题令各界人士忧虑。本文采用自行设计的心理健康调查问卷，对江苏省如东县小学教师进行了心理健康的问卷调查和深度访谈。结果显示：如东县小学教师心理亚健康检出率为28.29%，其中男性为23.75%，女性为32.73%，不同性别亚健康状态发生率存在差异。影响小学教师心理健康的主要原因有社会评价体系的不完善、周边人际关系的紧张、职业造成的紧张压力、遇到问题没有倾诉对象等。小学教师心理亚健康的解决策略应着重以下几个方面：首先，建议政府和教育行政部门改进教师评价方案，传播以人为本的价值观，呼吁社会关心，配合教师；其次，建议学校领导制度方案改善校园工作环境并定期在校园内开展心理学讲坛；最后，教师自身也要时刻给自己减压，并适当运用闲暇时间给自己充电，以应对日益残酷的工作竞争。
关键词：小学教师；心理亚健康；心理健康
Abstract:The teacher occupation is a special occupation, this requires that it has superior psychological qualities. However, our country is in the period of social transformation, the teacher as a specific social group under pressure from all sides, the teacher of increasing mental health problems to people from all walks of life concerns. In this paper, using the self-designed questionnaire survey on the mental health of primary school teachers in Rudong County, a mental health questionnaire and depth interview. Results showed that Rudong County Primary School Teachers' psychological sub-health detection rate was 28.89%, the male is 23.75%, female 32.73%, different beya health incidence rate difference. Influence of primary school teachers' mental health are the main reasons of social evaluation system is not perfect, the surrounding interpersonal tensions, occupation caused by stress, encountered a problem without a close object. Primary school teachers' psychological sub-health solutions should focus on the following: first, it is suggested that the government and education administrative department to improve teacher evaluation, dissemination of people-oriented values, calling for social concern, with the teachers; secondly, suggested that the school leadership system scheme to improve the campus environment and carry out regular psychology lecture on campus; finally, teachers have time to relieve the pressure, and the proper use of leisure time to recharge themselves, to deal with the increasingly brutal competition for jobs.
Keywords: Grade school teacher Psychological sub-health Mental health
小学教师不仅仅是知识的传授者，更是引导学生身心健康发展的榜样，小学生的世界观、人生观、价值观都是在教师的影响下形成的。帮助小学教师解决心理亚健康问题不仅仅是对于教师个人，更是对学生的终身发展，对教育事业的发展具有重要作用，甚至对社会的发展也会产生重大影响。
